The working principle of the laser cutting machine is mainly the interaction between the laser and the material, and the action process is mainly divided into two phenomena: micro and macro. The microscopic phenomena are mainly the quantum reaction process, and the macroscopic phenomena include the absorption, reflection, refraction, energy conversion and transfer of the material to the laser. The factors affecting the cutting quality of laser cutting machine are very complex, in addition to the characteristics of the material itself, there are some equipment hardware aspects of the impact, let's take a look.

Factors affecting the cutting quality of laser cutting machine

1, beam characteristics: laser cutting incision width and focused spot diameter has a large relationship. Since the power density and energy density of laser irradiation are related to the laser spot diameter, in order to obtain a large power density and energy scale, in the laser cutting processing, the spot diameter is required to be as small as possible.

2, laser power: the size of the laser power directly affects the thickness of the steel plate can be cut, the higher the power, the thicker the thickness of the cutting material. In addition, it also affects the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece, the width of the slit, the roughness of the cutting surface and the width of the heat affected zone.

3, cutting speed: cutting speed has a great impact on the quality of cutting, the right cutting speed will make the cutting surface appear smooth and the lower part without slag. Cutting too fast will cause the material to be unable to cut through, causing sparks to splash, the bottom half to produce slag, and even burn the lens. If the cutting speed is too slow, it is easy to cause over-melting of the material, widening of the slit, increasing of the heat affected zone, and even causing over-melting of the workpiece.

4, nozzle: the aperture of the nozzle, the distance between the nozzle light outlet and the surface of the material, etc., will affect the cutting effect.

5, focus position: the focus position directly affects the width of the incision, section roughness and the adhesion of waste slag. Different focus position, the beam diameter and focus depth of the surface of the machined material are different, and then cause the shape of the slit to change, affecting the flow of processing gas and molten metal in the section.

6, auxiliary gas: material cutting requires the use of auxiliary gas, mainly gas pressure and gas types, both of which will affect the roughness of the cutting section and the generation of hanging slag.

There are many factors affecting the cutting quality of laser cutting machine, fully understand the various factors in the cutting process of laser cutting machine, you can find ways to improve the surface quality of processing materials, improve the surface quality of processing.